Thaum lub sijhawmntiaj teb ib puag ncigkev paub txog kev nce qib thiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov yas muaj kuab paug yog qhov hnyav zuj zus, cov tais diav ua los ntawm cov khoom degradable tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Ntawm lawv, PLA (polylactic acid) tableware tau ntsib txoj kev loj hlob sai vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo. Qhov sawv ntawmPLA khoom pligtsis yog kev huam yuaj, tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam.

Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig cov cai thiab cov kev cai: nruj txwv thiab kev taw qhia meej
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tsoomfwv tau tshaj tawm txoj cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj heev los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov pa phem. Raws li ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov neeg siv khoom lag luam loj tshaj plaws, Tuam Tshoj tau siv ntau txoj cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig zoo txij li lub hom phiaj "dual carbon" tau thov. Lub "Cov Kev Xav Txog Kev Txhim Kho Cov Plastic Pollution Control" qhia meej meej tias los ntawm 2025, kev siv cov khoom siv yas uas tsis tuaj yeem degradable nyob rau hauv qhov chaw coj mus rau hauv nroog ntawm lossis siab dua qib prefecture yuav tsum raug txo los ntawm 30%. Txoj cai no zoo li rab ntaj, taw qhia cov kev taw qhia rau kev lag luam catering, ua rau muaj coob tus tuam txhab lag luam tig lawv cov xim rau cov khoom siv PLA degradable. Cov European Union tseem tsis tau ua dhau los. Nws "Plastics Directive" xav kom txog thaum xyoo 2025, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg yuav tsum siv tsawg kawg yog 50% cov khoom siv rov ua dua lossis cov khoom siv degradable. PLA cov ntaub ntawv muaj biodegradability zoo thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv lub khw EU. Cov cai thiab cov kev cai no tsis tsuas yog txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom siv yas yas nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tsim kom muaj txoj cai dav dav rau kev tsim PLA tableware, dhau los ua lub zog txhawb nqa rau nws txoj kev loj hlob.
Kev lag luam xav tau: dual rub ntawm kev hloov kho dua tshiab thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Kev paub txog cov neeg siv khoom ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam xav tau rau PLA tableware. Nrog rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov neeg siv khoom paub txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pa phem yas txuas ntxiv mus tob zuj zus, thiab lawv xav tau ntau dua los xaiv cov khoom zoo ib puag ncig hauv lawv lub neej txhua hnub. Tshwj xeeb, cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, xws li Generation Z, muaj kev lees paub siab thiab nrhiav cov khoom lag luam ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, thiab txaus siab them tus nqi them rau kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus ib puag ncig. Kev lag luam booming takeout kuj tau ua lag luam loj loj rau PLA tableware. Siv Tuam Tshoj ua piv txwv, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm iResearch Consulting, qhov ntsuas ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam nqa tawm tau tshaj 1.8 trillion yuan hauv 2024, nce xyoo-rau-xyoo ntawm 18.5%. Nws xav kom ntau tshaj 3 trillion yuan los ntawm 2030, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm ntau tshaj 12%. Qhov ntim loj ntawm kev txiav txim txiav tawm txhais tau hais tias qhov kev thov loj heev rau cov khoom siv. Cov tsoos yas tableware tau maj mam tso tseg los ntawm kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig siab. PLA tableware tau dhau los ua qhov nyiam tshiab hauv kev lag luam nqa tawm vim nws cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo. Tib lub sijhawm, daim ntawv thov ntawm PLA tableware kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm ua qauv qhia zoo hauv cov xwm txheej loj thiab kev ua ub no. Lub 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics tau txais tag nrhoPLA noj su box, riam thiab diav rawg, thiab lwm yam, siv lawv cov yam ntxwv degradable los txo cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim, qhia qhov zoo ntawm PLA tableware rau lub ntiaj teb, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev lag luam xav tau rau PLA tableware.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab: tawg los ntawm cov fwj thiab txhim kho kev sib tw
PLA cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej muaj ntau yam zoo heev, tso lub hauv paus rau lawv daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm tableware. PLA yog tsim los ntawm cov qoob loo xws li pob kws thiab cassava los ntawm fermentation thiab polymerization. Tom qab muab pov tseg, nws tuaj yeem degraded tag nrho rau hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej nyob rau hauv industrial composting tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv 6 lub hlis, tsis tsim microplastics los yog cov teeb meem tshuaj. Ntxiv mus, nws cov yam ntxwv acidic polymer muaj cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm 95% tiv thaiv kab mob xws li Escherichia coli. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis muaj cov khoom siv phom sij xws li bisphenol A thiab cov yas yas, ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj, thiab tau dhau cov ntawv pov thawj thoob ntiaj teb xws li FDA. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv PLA muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm kub (feem ntau -10 ℃ ~ 80 ℃), hardness thiab dej tsis kam, uas txwv tsis pub lawv daim ntawv thov dav. Txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov fwj dej no, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov tuam txhab tau nce lawv cov peev txheej R & D.Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub, kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm crystallinity, xws li kho tus nqi cua txias thiab kev kho annealing, tuaj yeem txo qhov degradation active chaw thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo. Kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm PLA tableware, tab sis kuj txo cov nqi tsim khoom. Nrog rau kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom, cov nyhuv nplai maj mam tshwm sim, thiab tus nqi ntawm PLA cov khoom maj mam txo los ntawm 32,000 yuan / tuj hauv 2020 txog 18,000 yuan / tuj kwv yees xyoo 2025, uas ua rau PLA tableware muaj kev sib tw ntawm tus nqi thiab ntxiv rau nws cov lag luam muaj koob meej.

Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam: kev sib txuas sab saud thiab qis kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm PLA tableware yog sib cais los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov dej hauv qab ntawm cov saw hlau. Nyob rau sab saum toj cov khoom siv raw khoom, nrog kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam xav tau, ntau thiab ntau lub tuam txhab tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv PLA. Piv txwv li, 200,000-tuj PLA project npaj los ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv tsev xws li Wanhua Chemical thiab Jindan Technology yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv xyoo 2026, uas yuav txo tau kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev vam khom rau cov khoom PLA thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm kev tsim khoom nruab nrab, cov tuam txhab txuas ntxiv qhia cov cuab yeej siv siab thiab thev naus laus zis los txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom zoo. Qee lub tuam txhab ua lag luam tau xa tawm cov chaw tsim khoom txawv teb chaws, xws li Yutong Technology, uas tau ua rau cov teb chaws Es Xias Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj yog thaj chaw tseem ceeb rau nws cov peev txheej tsim khoom, suav txog 45% ntawm tag nrho nws cov peev txheej tsim khoom, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv tsev thiab cov nqi nce. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom, nws tus kheej tsim PLA hloov cov kab ntau lawm, thiab khaws cov nyiaj tau los tag nrho. Downstream channel kuj tseem koom tes nrog. Meituan thiab Ele.me, lub catering takeaway platforms, muaj yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau rau cov tub lag luam tshiab siv degradable ntim los ntawm 2025. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm degradable tableware yuav los ntawm chain catering hom tau nce los ntawm 28% nyob rau hauv 2023 mus rau 63% nyob rau hauv 2025, txhawb kev nthuav dav hauv kev lag luam ntawm PLA tableware. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov dej ntws ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau tsim lub voj voog tsim txiaj, muab kev lees paub ruaj khov rau kev txhim kho ruaj khov ntawm PLA.